那些接受隆胸手术的女性可能比普通的人更健康，这并不是说隆胸手术会带来健康，也许仅仅是因为那些接受隆胸手术的女性都拥有比较高的社会经济地位。但有一点是确定的，这些接受手术的女性表现为低自尊，缺乏自信，更容易患抑郁症之类的心理疾病。一个奇怪的现象是：隆胸的女性比普通人有更低的死亡率，却有更高的自杀率。-psytopic.com
一个历时15年、在女性中开展的研究发现，隆胸整形手术与值得关注的高自杀率相关。
科学家们最近称，与普通人相比，参与隆胸手术的女性的健康问题上的风险没有改变，但自杀率却要高得多。
加拿大魁北克大学的Jacques Brisson、Louis Latulippe才以及他的来自于加拿大公共卫生处和安大略湖癌症康复中心的同事们收集了24600名为了美丽而接受了隆胸手术的女性的资料。这些女性，参与隆胸手术的平均年龄在32岁，从1974年至1989年，定期的对她们进行跟踪回访。在实验期间研究者们同时调查一组控制组女性。
身体健康状况良好
总共有480名参与隆胸手术的女性在实验期间死亡。科学家们计算得出，接受了隆胸手术的女性死亡率要比控制组低26%。他们称，这些差异主要是接受隆胸手术的女性在由癌症、特别是乳腺癌和心脏病所导致的死亡方面要少得多。Brisson认为低死亡率并不是由隆胸带来的结果，而应该归因于社会经济地位。
“首先，女性要接受隆胸手术就必须具有良好的健康水平。”Brisson“当然，那些接受隆胸手术的女性都拥有比较高的社会经济地位。因此，那些接受隆胸手术的女性可能比普通的人更健康。”
心理健康状况更低
她们身体健康状况良好，那他们的心理健康状况呢？
研究者们发现，授受隆胸手术的女性自杀率比控制组女性要高出73%，实验没有就自杀与隆胸手术之间的关系进行测试，没有发现两者之间的直接联系。
即便如此，Brisson说先前的研究已经发现那些接受隆胸手术的女性表现为低自尊，缺乏自信，更多的患抑郁症之类的心理疾病。
研究团体还分析了一组16000名接受了除隆胸手术以外的其它整形手术的女性，他们发现了类似的结论，比普通人有更低的死亡率，却有更高的自杀率。
这个研究已经发表于最近一期的《美国流行病学》杂志。
意见不一
Brisson说隆胸手术安全性的争论远未解决。
“我们的研究发现隆胸手术与死亡率没有关系，”他说。“但是我们的研究没有评定隆胸手术对女性健康的其它方面的影响。比如，低品质的隆胸会导致盐水或者是硅树脂等成分的泄漏，尽管食品药品管理局对经核准的正规隆胸机构的统计，没有发现足够的证据证明泄漏的有害性影响。”
“女性在想是否要接受隆胸手术时必须把这些因素考虑到。”Brisson说。
Breast Implants Linked to Higher Suicide Rate
Boosting breast size with plastic surgery has been linked to a significantly higher suicide rate among women in a new 15-year study.
While overall risk of health problems did not change, the suicide rate was much higher for women with breast implants compared with the general population, scientists announced today.
Jacques Brisson and Louis Latulippe of Laval University in Quebec, Canada, and their colleagues from the Canadian Public Health Agency and Cancer Care Ontario collected information on 24,600 women who had received breast implants for cosmetic purposes. The women, who underwent the implant surgery at an average age of 32, completed regular follow-up visits from 1974 to 1989—the study's duration.
The researchers also monitored a control group of women during the study.
Better physical health
A total of 480 women with breast implants died during this period. Compared with the control group, the scientists calculated the mortality rate was 26 percent lower in the women with breast implants. The discrepancy can be accounted for, they said, by the fewer deaths from cancer, notably breast cancer, and heart disease for the women with breast implants.
Rather than a consequence of the breast augmentations, Brisson suggested the lower mortality could be attributed to socio-economic status.
"First, a woman must be in relatively good health to undergo breast implant surgery," Bisson said. "Also, women who receive breast implants tend to be of higher-than-average socioeconomic status. Thus, women who undergo breast augmentation surgery are more likely to be in better health than the general population."
Poor mental health
Physically healthy, yes, but what about their mental health?
The researchers discovered the suicide rate is 73 percent higher in participants with breast implants relative to the control group. The connection between breast implants and suicide was not tested and no direct link was found between the two.
However, Bisson said previous studies have characterized women who receive breast implants by a low self-esteem, lack of self-confidence and more frequent mental illnesses such as depression.
The research team also analyzed a group of 16,000 women who had undergone plastic surgery procedures other than breast augmentation. They found similar results, with a lower mortality rate and a higher suicide rate than the general population.
The findings are published in a recent issue of the American Journal of Epidemiology.
Jury's out
Brisson said the debate over the safety of breast implants is far from being settled.
"Our study shows that there is no relation between breast implants and mortality rate," he said. "But our study does not assess the impact of breast implants on other aspects of women's health.” For instance, degradation of the implants could lead to leakage of the saline or silicone contents, although the Food and Drug Administration stated there is insufficient evidence of the harmful effects of leakage for approved implant materials.
"Women must take those facts into consideration when determining whether or not they want to receive breast implants," Brisson said.
By Jeanna Bryner
译者：罗禹（Roger）
http://www.livescience.com/humanbiology/060919_implant_suicide.html
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